North Korea’s naval forces are considered far inferior to those of its rivals. However, the destroyer with nuclear-capable missiles and an advanced radar system would still enhance the North’s offensive and defensive capabilities. The reason why Kim has prioritised the arms build-up is because of his perceived threats from the United States and

As Emomali and Mirziyoeva were being received in Moscow last week, Central Asia hosted Italian Prime Minister Georgia Meloni, who said the region “has now gained strategic significance” for Europe. Meanwhile, China has surpassed Russia to become Central Asian countries’ largest investor and trading partner in recent years as they increasingly

The PN’s 2018 maritime doctrine, Preserving Freedom of Seas, prioritises anti-access/area denial (A2/AD) strategies, focusing on coastal defence and deterring Indian naval incursions. Investments in Harbah cruise missiles and Agosta-90B submarines reflect this reactive posture, which contrasts sharply with India’s proactive blue-water doctrine,

the New Development Bank, which has funded several renewable energy and infrastructure projects. These institutions can help initiate cross-border exploration, promote eco-friendly mining, and support clean energy manufacturing.Growing trade  amongst BRICS countries encourages collaboration. For two decades, Intra-BRICS trade has continued to expa

However, for a younger generation—those who never witnessed the ‘Mukti juddho’ (independence movement) and have grown up only under Hasina’s leadership – are critical of the AL for its ‘electoral autocracy’—these values seem more abstract. They are frustrated and sceptical of the current political system, which they perceive to be c